| 包装: | 100mg |
| 市场价: | 848元 |
Cell lines | HUVEC cell |
Preparation Method | Cells seeded into 12 well plates and incubated with EGM to allow for the formation of monolayers. After 24 hours, EGM was replaced with EBM containing 2.5% FCS, 10 ng/mL VEGF, and 10 µg/mL papain. After a further 10 hours incubation period, cells were stained with 2 µM Calcein and pictures were taken at 4 fold magnification using a Nikon Eclipse Ti, the FITC filter set of the instrument and a Nikon Digital Sight DS-Fi1C camera. |
Reaction Conditions | 10 µg/mL papain for 10 hours |
Applications | Papain did not induce proteolysis or cell detachment of HUVEC in a concentration range between 0 and 25 µg/mL. Four hours treatment with 10 µg/mL papain resulted in a reduced susceptibility of endothelial cells to activation by VEGF as determined by phosphorylation levels of Akt, MEK1/2, SAPK/JNK. Papain exerted a distinct inhibitory effect on cell growth, cell migration and tube formation with inhibition of tube formation detectable at concentrations as low as 1 µg/mL. |
Animal models | C57BL/6 mice |
Preparation Method | C57BL/6 mice were given naive B cells by i.v. injection 24 h prior to imaging. Recipient mice were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane and prepared on a surgical board for PLN live imaging. Exposed PLNs were monitored for physiological temperature maintenance and imaged using a Zeiss Bio-Rad Radiance 2100 Multiphoton microscope.AF488-labeled papain was injected in the footpad at time point 0, and serial 150-µm depth captures (3-µm steps) were taken every 2 min for 60 min following papain injection. |
Dosage form | For intravital microscopy, mice were injected with 10 µl papain at a concentration of 10 mg/ml. |
Applications | Papain, a cysteine protease allergen with inherent adjuvant activity, induces potent IL-4 expression by T cells in the popliteal lymph nodes of mice following footpad immunization. B cells subsequently regulate the adaptive immune response by enhancing ICOS expression on CD4(+) T cells and amplifying Th2 and follicular helper T cell induction. Ab blockade of ICOS ligand, expressed by popliteal lymph node B cells, but not dendritic cells, at the peak of the response inhibits IL-4 responses in wild-type mice but not B cell-deficient mice. Thus, B cells play a critical role in amplifying adjuvant-dependent Th2 polarization following noncanonical acquisition and internalization of the cysteine protease papain. |
| 产品描述 | Papain is a cysteine protease with wide specificity, cleaving peptide bonds of basic amino acids, leucine, or glycine. It also hydrolyzes esters and amides. Papain did not induce proteolysis or cell detachment of HUVEC in a concentration range between 0 and 25 μg/mL. Four hours treatment with 10 μg/mL papain resulted in a reduced susceptibility of endothelial cells to activation by VEGF as determined by phosphorylation levels of Akt, MEK1/2, SAPK/JNK. Papain exerted a distinct inhibitory effect on cell growth, cell migration and tube formation with inhibition of tube formation detectable at concentrations as low as 1 μg/mL[4]. Papain Activates Human Mast Cells to Release Proinflammatory Mediators via its Enzymatic Activity, papain is a direct activator of both human skin MCs (connective tissue) and CBMCs (mucosal type) via its protease activity and partly via PAR-2[5]. While the affinity to cGMP, I-V relation, channel kinetics, and single-channel current amplitude were almost the same in both papain-treated and the control preparations, the total current flowing through the patch membrane of the papain-treated cells was reduced to about 20% of the control, suggesting that papain reduced the density of cGMP-activated channels[2]. A significant increase in cell viability when papain was used for RPC isolation[3]. Papain is a cysteine protease allergen with inherent adjuvant activity, induces potent IL-4 expression by T cells in the popliteal lymph nodes of mice following footpad immunization. B cells subsequently regulate the adaptive immune response by enhancing ICOS expression on CD4(+) T cells and amplifying Th2 and follicular helper T cell induction. Ab blockade of ICOS ligand, expressed by popliteal lymph node B cells, but not dendritic cells, at the peak of the response inhibits IL-4 responses in wild-type mice but not B cell-deficient mice. Thus, B cells play a critical role in amplifying adjuvant-dependent Th2 polarization following noncanonical acquisition and internalization of the cysteine protease papain[1]. purified papain from C. papaya were effective against S. venezuelensis eggs and larvae in vitro, suggesting their potential use as an alternative treatment for strongyloidiasis[7]. Rapidly progressing joint disease can be produced in the rabbit by intra-articular injection of concentrated papain[9]. Enzymatically active papain preferentially induces an IgG1 response and results in mast cell degranulation, both features typical of an allergic reaction in mice[8]. References: |
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