Animal experiment:

Rats[2]The animals used in this study include 6-week-old male JCL:ICR strain mice, 6-week-old male JCL:SD strain rats, 7.5- to 15.0-kg male beagle dogs, and 5.8- to 9.1-kg male rhesus monkeys. Ceftizoxime for injection is dissolved in 0.9% saline. Ceftizoxime is given in a dose of 20 mg/kg to all test animals. The volumes are: 0.25 mL per animal by the intravenous (i.v.) and subcutaneous routes to mice; 5 mL/kg of body weight by the intramuscular (i.m.) and i.v. routes to rats; and 0.5 mL/kg of body weight by the i.m. and i.v. routes to dogs and monkeys[1].

Ceftizoxime is a bacterial inhibitor which acts by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis and inhibiting cross-linking of the peptidoglycan.

Ceftizoxime is a new parenteral cephalosporin derivative which is more active against various gram-negative bacilli, including the opportunistic pathogens such as Enterobacter, Citrobacter species, and Serratia marcescens, than cephalosporins and cephamycins such as cefotiam, cefamandole, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, and cefmetazole. Ceftizoxime shows a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria[1].

The therapeutic effect of Ceftizoxime in mice infected with a small inoculum size is almost the same as that of cefotaxime[1]. Ceftizoxime is stable in biological fluids such as serum, urine, and tissue homogenates, but cefotaxime is unstable in rat tissue homogenates. Binding of ceftizoxime to serum protein in all species is the lowest of all the antibiotics: 31% for humans, 17% for dogs, and 32% for rats[2].

[1]. Kamimura T, et al. Ceftizoxime (Ceftizoxime), a new parenteral cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1979 Nov;16(5):540-8. [2]. Murakawa T, et al. Pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime in animals after parenteral dosing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Feb;17(2):157-64.