Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) citrate 是一种拓扑异构酶 II (topoisomerase II) 抑制剂，具有有效的抗肿瘤活性。Daunorubicin citrate 抑制 DNA 和 RNA 合成 (DNA and RNA synthesis)。Daunorubicin citrate 是一种细胞毒素，可抑制癌细胞活力并诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis) 和坏死 (necrosis)。Daunorubicin citrate 还是一种蒽环类抗生素。Daunorubicin citrate 可用于研究感染和多种癌症，包括白血病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、维尔姆斯氏瘤。
| 生物活性 | Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) citrate is atopoisomeraseIIinhibitor with potent anti-tumor activity. Daunorubicin citrate inhibitsDNA and RNA synthesis. Daunorubicin citrate is a cytotoxin that inhibitscancercell viability and inducesapoptosisandnecrosis. Daunorubicin citrate is also an anthracyclineantibiotic. Daunorubicin citrate can be used in the research ofinfectionand variety of cancers, including leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor[1][2][4][5]. |
| IC50& Target[1][2] | Topoisomerase II | Daunorubicins/Doxorubicins |
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体外研究
(In Vitro) | Daunorubicin citrate (0-256 μg/mL, 30 min) inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis in sensitive and resistant Ehrlich ascites tumor cells[2].
Daunorubicin citrate (7 nM-1.9 μM, 72 h) shows chemosensitivity in Molt-4 cells and L3.6 cells[3][4].
Daunorubicin citrate (0.4 μM, 48 h) induces apoptotic and necrosis in L3.6 cells[4].
Daunorubicin citrate (0.4 μM, 120 min) induces ROS generation in L3.6 cells[4].
Daunorubicin citrate (2 μM, 24 h) induces autophagy in K562 cells (myeloid cell line)[6].
Cell Viability Assay[3][4] | Cell Line: | Molt-4 cells (a human T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line), L3.6 cells (metastatic human pancreatic cell line) | | Concentration: | 7 nM-1.9 μM | | Incubation Time: | 72 h | | Result: | Inhibited cell viability with IC50values of 40 nM (Molt-4) and 400 nM (L3.6). |
Apoptosis Analysis[4] | Cell Line: | L3.6 cells | | Concentration: | 0.4 μM | | Incubation Time: | 24 h, 48 h | | Result: | Induced necrosis without apoptosis at 24 h, induced both an apoptotic and extensive necrotic response at 48 h. |
Western Blot Analysis[6] | Cell Line: | K562 cells | | Concentration: | 2 μM | | Incubation Time: | 24 h | | Result: | Enabled the switch of LC3-I into LC3-II, accompanied with a significant increased expression level of LC3. |
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体内研究
(In Vivo) | Daunorubicin citrate (intravenous injection, 3 mg/kg, three times at 48 h intervals) produces cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats[5].
Daunorubicin citrate (intraperitoneal injection, 10 mg/kg) induces sister chromatid exchanges in mice[7].
| Animal Model: | Male Sprague-Dawley rats[5] | | Dosage: | 3 mg/kg | | Administration: | Intravenous injection, three times at 48 h intervals. | | Result: | Caused a significant increase in MDA (malondialdehyde) level in renal tissue, accompanied by a significant reduction in total GPx activity.
Increased urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine, and BUN level. |
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| Clinical Trial | |
| 分子量 | |
| Formula | |
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| 中文名称 | 柠檬酸柔红霉素；柠檬酸红保霉素；柠檬酸红比霉素；柠檬酸红卫霉素；柠檬酸柔毛霉素；柠檬酸正定霉素；柠檬酸道诺霉素 |
| 运输条件 | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
| 储存方式 | Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis. |
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