Palmarumycin C3 is a spirobisnaphthalene fungal metabolite that has been found inC. palmarumand has diverse biological activities.^1,2It is active against the bacteriaA. tumefaciens,B. subtilis,P. lachrymans,R. solanacearum,S. haemolyticus, andX. vesicatoria(MICs = 6.25, 6.25, 12.5, 12.5, 6.25, and 6.25 µg/ml, respectively).²Palmarumycin C3 is also active against the fungiM. microsporaandE. repens, as well as the plant pathogenic fungiF. oxysporumandU. violacea, in agar diffusion assays when used at a concentration of 0.5 mg/disc.¹It scavenges DPPH radicals in cell-free assays and has antioxidant activity in a β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assay (IC₅₀s = 37.57 and 7.41 µg/ml, respectively).

1.Krohn, K., Michel, A., FlÖrke, U., et al.Biologically active metabolites from fungi, 5. Palmarumycins C1-C16 from Coniothyrium sp.: Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activityEur. J. Org. Chem.1994(11)1099-1108(1994) 2.Mou, Y., Meng, J., Fu, X., et al.Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and effect of 1-hexadecene addition on palmarumycin C2 and C3 yields in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12Molecules18(12)15587-15599(2013)