An internal standard for the quantification of glycochenodeoxycholic acid by GC- or LC-MS. GCDCA is a glycine-conjugated form of the primary bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid .¹It reduces formation of cholic acid in primary human hepatocytes when used at a concentration of 100 µM.²GCDCA (50, 75, and 100 µM) reduces the number LC3 puncta, a marker of autophagy, and is cytotoxic to L-02 hepatocytes.¹GCDCA (50 µM) induces apoptosis in isolated rat hepatocytes, an effect that can be blocked by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine .³Fecal levels of GCDCA are decreased in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced obesity compared with rats fed a normal diet.⁴

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