Apricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and derivative of 2’-deoxycytidine .¹It is phosphorylated intracellularly to its active form, apricitabine-5’-triphosphate, which competes with a monophosphate form for binding to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and incorporation into the nascent viral DNA, inducing chain termination and HIV-1 replication. Apricitabine reduces HIV-1 infectivity in MT-4 and U937 cells (IC₅₀s = 2.8 and 0.4 µM, respectively), as well as in isolated human cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs; IC₅₀= 0.4 µM).²

1.Cox, S., and Southby, J.Apricitabine--a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infection that is refractory to existing drugsExpert Opin. Investig. Drugs18(2)199-209(2009) 2.Mansour, T.S., Jin, H., Wang, W., et al.Structure-activity relationships among a new class of antiviral heterosubstituted 2′,3′-dideoxynucleoside analoguesNucleos. Nucleot.14(3-5)627-635(1995)