In vitro activity: A-804598 is a structurally novel, competitive, and selective antagonist that has equivalent high affinity at rat (IC50 = 10 nM), mouse (IC50 = 9 nM) and human (IC50 = 11 nM) P2X7 receptors. A-804598 also potently blocks agonist stimulated release of IL-1β(IC50 of 8.5 nM) and Yo-Pro uptake (IC50 of 8.1 nM) from differentiated THP-1 cells that natively express human P2X7 receptors. Although A-840598 potently blocks P2X7 receptor activation, at concentrations up to 100 μM, it does not significantly reduce agonist-evoked changes in intracellular calcium concentrations mediated by a variety of other P2X and P2Y receptors. A-840598 shows weak or no activity for interating with a large array of G-protein-coupled receptors, enzymes, transporters, and ion channels (CEREP, Poitiers, France)(IC50> 5-10 μM).

Kinase Assay: A-804598 is a CNS penetrant, competitive and selective P2X7 receptor antagonist with IC50s of 9 nM, 10 nM and 11 nM for mouse, rat and human P2X7 receptors, respectively.

Cell Assay: SOD1-G93A microglia are treated with 300 μM BzATP or 3 mM ATP for 15 min or 1 h with or without 10 μM A-804598 and subjected to western blotting and immunoreactions with anti-p-mTOR and anti-mTOR or anti-GAPDH.