A major contributor to cellular homeostasis is the ability of the cell to strike a balance between the formation and degradation/removal of its cellular components. This process of internal cellular turn-over is called autophagy (self-eating), and is facilitated by a pathway of around 16 interacting proteins in the human. LC3, a ubiquitin-like modifier protein, is the human homolog of yeast Apg8 and is involved in the formation of autophagosomal vacuoles, called autophagosomes. There are three isoforms of human LC3 (named MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, and MAP1LC3C), which exhibit different tissue distributions. A disruption to the autophagic process is now associated with the progression of several cancers, neurodegenerative disorders and cardiac pathologies, where LC3 is widely employed as a marker for autophagy.