GSK5182 is a highly selective and orally active inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) with an IC50 of 79 nM. GSK5182 does not interact with other nuclear receptors, including ERRα or ERα. GSK5182 also induces reactive oxyen species (ROS) generation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)[1][2][3].

GSK5182 (0-20 μM; 0-hours; PLC/PRF/5 cells) treatment leads to a significant and dose-dependent reduction in the number of proliferating PLC/PRF/5 cells[1].GSK5182 (0-20 μM; 24 hours; PLC/PRF/5 cells) treatment also causes a dose-dependent increase in the expression of p21 and p27 while at the same time reducing the level of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (p-pRb)[1].GSK5182 (10-20 μM; PLC/PRF/5 cells) treatment induces cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, which in turn induces a corresponding dose-dependent reduction in the percentage of cells in S phase[1].

GSK5182 (40 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; every day; 25 or 30 days; db/db mice, diet-induced obesity mice) specifically inhibits the transcriptional activity of ERRγ, and suppresses hepatic glucose production through inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis. GSK5182 elicits anti-diabetic effects in mouse models via negative regulation of the hepatic gluconeogenesis program. GSK5182 normalizes hyperglycemia mainly through inhibition of hepatic glucose production[3].

[1]. Kim JH, et al. Estrogen-related receptor γ is upregulated in liver cancer and its inhibition suppresses livercancer cell proliferation via induction of p21 and p27. Exp Mol Med. 2016 Mar 4;48:e213.
[2]. Misra J, et al. ERRγ: a Junior Orphan with a Senior Role in Metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Apr;28(4):261-272.
[3]. Kim DK, et al. Inverse agonist of nuclear receptor ERRγ mediates antidiabetic effect through inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Diabetes. 2013 Sep;62(9):3093-102.