Kinase experiment:

Cells are incubated with the Sophoricoside for 1 h, and then incubated with PMACI for 2 h. The reaction is stopped by cooling the tubes in ice. The cells are separated from the released histamine by centrifugation at 400×g for 5 min at 4℃. The histamine levels are measured by ELISA using a histamine assay kit according to the manufacturer’s directions. Duplicate aliquots of supernatant are measured for each sample[1].

Cell experiment:

To test the cell viability by each concentration of Sophoricoside, the MTT colorimetric assay is performed. Briefly, HMC-1 cells (3×105 cells/well) are incubated with Sophoricoside (1 to 50 μM) for 12 h. After the addition of MTT solution, the cells are incubated at 37℃ for 4 h. The crystallized MTT (formazan) is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and the absorbance is measured at 540 nm[1].

Animal experiment:

BALB/c mice (5 weeks, 19 to 20 g) are used in this study. The dorsal skin of the BALB/c mice (n=6) is shaved and treated with a depilatory prior to the experiment. The mice are sensitized with 100 μL of 0.15% DNCB in acetone-olive oil (3:1) applied to the dorsal skin twice per week for 5 weeks. Control mice receive vehicle (acetone/olive oil=3:1). After 3 weeks, Sophoricoside (2 mg/kg) is orally administered 2 weeks until the end of the experiment[1].

Sophoricoside is an isoflavone glycoside isolated from Sophora japonica and has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunosuppressive effects.

Sophoricoside is an isoflavone glycoside isolated from Sophora japonica and has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunosuppressive effects. The results show that Sophoricoside (50 μM) significantly inhibits the PMACI-induced histamine release. The inhibition rate reaches up to 30.24%. The maximal rates of TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-6 inhibition by Sophoricoside (50 μM) are approximately 31.42%, 43.43% and 34.24%, respectively. The rates of the levels of Rel/p65 inhibition in nuclear by Sophoricoside (50 μM) is approximately 50.14%. Results show that the enhanced caspase-1 activity induced by PMACI is significantly reduced by Sophoricoside in a dose-dependent manner[1].

When the Sophoricoside is orally administered 1 h before compound 48/80 injections, the scratching behaviors is reduced. The inhibition rate of Sophoricoside (2 mg/kg) is approximately 41.21%. Orally administered Sophoricoside inhibits the scratching behaviors by 47.31%. When mice are treated for 2 weeks with Sophoricoside, the atopic dermatitis is recovered to a significant extent[1].

[1]. Kim SJ, et al. The ameliorative effect of sophoricoside on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Molecules. 2013 May 22;18(5):6113-27.