常用荧光染料的激发和发射波长
这是一个用于流式细胞术或荧光显微镜的荧光色素的一些特性的表。Yarebio在组内，大致按激发波长的顺序排列（家族除外）。峰值激发和发射波长通常随探测器所处的环境而变化。所以需要自行确认所选染料的激发光谱和发射光谱。另外，下表显示的颜色只是一个非常粗略的近似值，并且不同显示设备会有一定色差！
| Probe | Ex (nm) | Em (nm) | MW | Notes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reactive and conjugated probes | ||||||||
| Hydroxycoumarin | 325 | 386 | 331 | Succinimidyl ester | ||||
| Aminocoumarin | 350 | 445 | 330 | Succinimidyl ester | ||||
| Methoxycoumarin | 360 | 410 | 317 | Succinimidyl ester | ||||
| Cascade Blue | (375);401 | 423 | 596 | Hydrazide | ||||
| Pacific Blue | 403 | 455 | 406 | Maleimide | ||||
| Pacific Orange | 403 | 551 | ||||||
| Lucifer yellow | 425 | 528 | ||||||
| NBD | 466 | 539 | 294 | NBD-X | ||||
| R-Phycoerythrin (PE) | 480;565 | 578 | 240 k | |||||
| PE-Cy5 conjugates | 480;565;650 | 670 | aka Cychrome, R670, Tri-Color, Quantum Red | |||||
| PE-Cy7 conjugates | 480;565;743 | 767 | ||||||
| Red 613 | 480;565 | 613 | PE-Texas Red | |||||
| PerCP | 490 | 675 | Peridinin chlorphyll protein | |||||
| TruRed | 490,675 | 695 | PerCP-Cy5.5 conjugate | |||||
| FluorX | 494 | 520 | 587 | (GE Healthcare) | ||||
| Fluorescein | 495 | 519 | 389 | FITC; pH sensitive | ||||
| BODIPY-FL | 503 | 512 | ||||||
| TRITC | 547 | 572 | 444 | TRITC | ||||
| X-Rhodamine | 570 | 576 | 548 | XRITC | ||||
| Lissamine Rhodamine B | 570 | 590 | ||||||
| Texas Red | 589 | 615 | 625 | Sulfonyl chloride | ||||
| Allophycocyanin (APC) | 650 | 660 | 104 k | |||||
| APC-Cy7 conjugates | 650;755 | 767 | PharRed | |||||
| Alexa Fluor dyes [antibody conjugates] (Molecular Probes) | ||||||||
| Alexa Fluor 350 | 343 | 442 | 410 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 405 | 401 | 421 | 1028 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 430 | 434 | 540 | 702 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 488 | 499 | 519 | 643 | QY 0.92 | ||||
| Alexa Fluor 500 | 503 | 525 | 700 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 514 | 517 | 542 | 714 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 532 | 530 | 555 | 724 | QY 0.61 | ||||
| Alexa Fluor 546 | 561 | 572 | 1079 | QY 0.79 | ||||
| Alexa Fluor 555 | 553 | 568 | 1250 | QY 0.1 | ||||
| Alexa Fluor 568 | 579 | 603 | 792 | QY 0.69 | ||||
| Alexa Fluor 594 | 591 | 618 | 820 | QY 0.66 | ||||
| Alexa Fluor 610 | 610 | 629 | 1285 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 633 | 632 | 648 | 1200 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 647 | 652 | 668 | 1300 | QY 0.33 | ||||
| Alexa Fluor 660 | 663 | 691 | 1100 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 680 | 680 | 702 | 1150 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 700 | 696 | 719 | 1400 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 750 | 752 | 776 | 1300 | |||||
| Alexa Fluor 790 | 782 | 804 | 1750 | |||||
| Cy Dyes | ||||||||
| Cy2 | 489 | 506 | 714 | QY 0.12 | ||||
| Cy3 | (512);550 | 570;(615) | 767 | QY 0.15 | ||||
| Cy3B | 558 | 572;(620) | 658 | QY 0.67 | ||||
| Cy3.5 | 581 | 594;(640) | 1102 | QY 0.15 | ||||
| Cy5 | (625);650 | 670 | 792 | QY 0.28 | ||||
| Cy5.5 | 675 | 694 | 1128 | QY 0.23 | ||||
| Cy7 | 743 | 767 | 818 | QY 0.28 | ||||
| DyLight dyes (Pierce) | ||||||||
| DyLight 350 | 353 | 432 | ||||||
| DyLight 405 | 400 | 420 | ||||||
| DyLight 488 | 493 | 518 | ||||||
| DyLight 549 | 562 | 576 | ||||||
| DyLight 594 | 593 | 618 | ||||||
| DyLight 633 | 638 | 658 | ||||||
| DyLight 649 | 654 | 673 | ||||||
| DyLight 680 | 692 | 712 | ||||||
| DyLight 750 | 752 | 778 | ||||||
| DyLight 800 | 777 | 794 | ||||||
| Nucleic acid probes | ||||||||
| Hoechst 33342 | 343 | 483 | 616 | AT-selective | ||||
| DAPI | 345 | 455 | AT-selective | |||||
| Hoechst 33258 | 345 | 478 | 624 | AT-selective | ||||
| SYTOX Blue | 431 | 480 | ~400 | DNA | ||||
| Chromomycin A3 | 445 | 575 | CG-selective | |||||
| Mithramycin | 445 | 575 | ||||||
| YOYO-1 | 491 | 509 | 1271 | |||||
| Ethidium Bromide | 493 | 620 | 394 | |||||
| Acridine Orange | 503 | 530/640 | DNA/RNA | |||||
| SYTOX Green | 504 | 523 | ~600 | DNA | ||||
| TOTO-1, TO-PRO-1 | 509 | 533 | Vital stain, TOTO: Cyanine Dimer TO-PRO: Cyanine Monomer | |||||
| Thiazole Orange | 510 | 530 | ||||||
| Propidium Iodide (PI) | 536 | 617 | 668.4 | |||||
| LDS 751 | 543;590 | 712;607 | 472 | DNA (543ex/712em), RNA (590ex/607em) | ||||
| 7-AAD | 546 | 647 | 7-aminoactinomycin D, CG-selective | |||||
| SYTOX Orange | 547 | 570 | ~500 | DNA | ||||
| TOTO-3, TO-PRO-3 | 642 | 661 | ||||||
| DRAQ5 | 647 | 681,697 | 413 | (Biostatus) (usable excitation down to 488) | ||||
| Cell function probes | ||||||||
| Indo-1 | 361/330 | 490/405 | 1010 | AM ester. Low/High Ca++, | ||||
| Fluo-3 | 506 | 526 | 855 | AM ester. pH > 6 | ||||
| DCFH | 505 | 535 | 529 | 2'7'Dichorodihydrofluorescein, oxidized form | ||||
| DHR | 505 | 534 | 346 | Dihydrorhodamine 123, oxidized form, light catalyzes oxidation | ||||
| SNARF | 548/579 | 587/635 | pH 6/9 | |||||
| Fluorescent Proteins | ||||||||
| QY | BR | PS | Source | |||||
| Y66H | 360 | 442 | ||||||
| Y66F | 360 | 508 | ||||||
| EBFP | 380 | 440 | 0.18 | 9 | Addgene | monomer | ||
| EBFP2 | 383 | 448 | 0.56 | 18 | Addgene | monomer | ||
| Azurite | 383 | 447 | 0.55 | 14 | monomer | |||
| GFPuv | 385 | 508 | ||||||
| T-Sapphire | 399 | 511 | 0.60 | 26 | 25 | weak dimer | ||
| TagBFP | 402 | 457 | 26k | 0.63 | 33 | ++ | Evrogen | monomer |
| Cerulean | 433 | 475 | 0.62 | 27 | 36 | weak dimer | ||
| mCFP | 433 | 475 | 0.40 | 13 | 64 | monomer | ||
| ECFP | 434 | 477 | 0.15 | 3 | ||||
| CyPet | 435 | 477 | 0.51 | 18 | 59 | weak dimer | ||
| Y66W | 436 | 485 | ||||||
| dKeima-Red | 440 | 616 | 0.31 | 8 | MBL | dimer | ||
| mKeima-Red | 440 | 620 | 0.24 | 3 | MBL | monomer | ||
| TagCFP | 458 | 480 | 0.57 | 29 | Evrogen | dimer | ||
| AmCyan1 | 458 | 489 | 0.75 | 29 | Clontech | tetramer | ||
| mTFP1 (Teal) | 462 | 492 | 0.85 | 54 | dimer | |||
| S65A | 471 | 504 | ||||||
| Midoriishi-Cyan | 472 | 495 | 0.9 | 25 | MBL | dimer | ||
| Wild Type GFP | 396,475 | 508 | 26k | 0.77 | 16 | |||
| S65C | 479 | 507 | ||||||
| TurboGFP | 482 | 502 | 26 k | 0.53 | 37 | Evrogen | dimer | |
| TagGFP | 482 | 505 | 27k | 0.59 | 34 | ++ | Evrogen | monomer |
| TagGFP2 | 483 | 506 | 27k | 0.6 | 34 | ++ | Evrogen | monomer |
| AcGFP1 | 484 | 510 | 27k | 0.82 | 27 | Clontech | ||
| S65L | 484 | 510 | ||||||
| Emerald | 487 | 509 | 0.68 | 39 | 0.69 | Invitrogen | weak dimer | |
| S65T | 488 | 511 | ||||||
| EGFP | 488 | 507 | 26k | 0.60 | 34 | 174 | Addgene | weak dimer |
| Azami-Green | 492 | 505 | 0.74 | 41 | MBL | tetramer (monomeric available) | ||
| ZsGreen1 | 493 | 505 | 105k | 0.91 | 40 | Clontech | tetramer | |
| Dronpa-Green | 503 | 518 | 0.85 | 81 | MBL | photoswitchable | ||
| TagYFP | 508 | 524 | 27k | 0.62 | 47 | Evrogen | monomer | |
| EYFP | 514 | 527 | 26k | 0.61 | 51 | 60 | weak dimer | |
| Topaz | 514 | 527 | 0.60 | 57 | monomer | |||
| Venus | 515 | 528 | 0.57 | 53 | 15 | weak dimer | ||
| mCitrine | 516 | 529 | 0.76 | 59 | 49 | monomer | ||
| YPet | 517 | 530 | 0.77 | 80 | 49 | weak dimer | ||
| TurboYFP | 525 | 538 | 26 k | 0.53 | 56 | Evrogen | dimer | |
| PhiYFP | 525 | 537 | 26.8 k | 0.40 | 52 | ++ | Evrogen | weak dimer |
| PhiYFP-m | 525 | 537 | 26.8 k | 0.39 | 48 | ++ | Evrogen | monomer |
| ZsYellow1 | 529 | 539 | 0.65 | 13 | Clontech | tetramer | ||
| mBanana | 540 | 553 | 0.70 | 4 | Clontech | monomer | ||
| Kusabira-Orange | 548 | 559 | 0.60 | 31 | MBL | monomer | ||
| mOrange | 548 | 562 | 0.69 | 49 | 9 | monomer | ||
| mOrange2 | 549 | 565 | 0.60 | 35 | Clontech | monomer | ||
| mKO | 548 | 559 | 0.60 | 31 | 122 | monomer | ||
| TurboRFP | 553 | 574 | 26 k | 0.67 | 62 | Evrogen | dimer | |
| tdTomato | 554 | 581 | 0.69 | 95 | 98 | Clontech | tandem dimer | |
| DsRed-Express2 | 554 | 591 | 0.42 | 15 | Clontech | |||
| TagRFP | 555 | 584 | 27k | 0.48 | 48 | Evrogen | monomer | |
| DsRed monomer | 557 | 592 | ~28k | 0.1 | 3.5 | 16 | Clontech | monomer |
| DsRed2 ("RFP") | 563 | 582 | ~110k | 0.55 | 24 | Clontech | ||
| mStrawberry | 574 | 596 | 0.29 | 26 | 15 | Clontech | monomer | |
| TurboFP602 | 574 | 602 | 26 k | 0.35 | 26 | Evrogen | dimer | |
| AsRed2 | 576 | 592 | ~110k | 0.21 | 13 | Clontech | tetramer | |
| mRFP1 | 584 | 607 | ~30k | 0.25 | Tsien lab | monomer | ||
| J-Red | 584 | 610 | 0.20 | 8.8 | 13 | dimer | ||
| mCherry | 587 | 610 | 0.22 | 16 | 96 | Clontech | monomer | |
| HcRed1 | 588 | 618 | ~52k | 0.03 | 0.6 | Clontech | dimer | |
| mKate2 | 588 | 633 | 26k | 0.40 | 25 | + | Evrogen | monomer |
| Katushka (TurboFP635) | 588 | 635 | 26k | 0.34 | 22 | ++ | Evrogen | dimer |
| mKate (TagFP635) | 588 | 635 | 0.30 | 15 | Evrogen | monomer | ||
| TurboFP635 | 588 | 635 | 26 k | 0.34 | 22 | Evrogen | dimer | |
| mPlum | 590 | 649 | 0.10 | 4.1 | 53 | Clontech | ||
| mRaspberry | 598 | 625 | 0.15 | 13 | Clontech | monomer; faster photobleach than mPlum | ||
| mNeptune | 600 | 650 | 0.20 | 13 | Tsien Lab | monomer | ||
| E2-Crimson | 611 | 646 | 0.23 | 29 | Clontech | |||
| Other probes | ||||||||
| Monochlorobimane | 380 | 461 | 226 | Glutathione probe | ||||
| Calcein | 496 | 517 | 623 | pH > 5 | ||||
| HyPer | 420/500 | 516 | Hydrogen peroxide sensor | |||||
Legend:
Ex: Peak excitation wavelength (nm)
Em: Peak emission wavelength (nm)
MW: Molecular weight
QY: Quantum yield
BR: Brightness; Extinction coefficient * Quantum yield / 1000
PS: Photostability; time to 50% brightness (sec)
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